The CASA model was used to calculate the net primary production (NPP). Based on the carbon cycle process model, the soil organic carbon storage in Qinling-Daba Mountain area was estimated from 2000 to 2017, and the net present value (NPV) method was used to estimate the economic value of soil organic carbon in 2015 and 2017, and the differences in soil carbon values under different land use forms were analyzed. The results indicated that on the time scale, the NPP of vegetation in Qinling-Daba Mountain area showed a trend of increasing firstly and then decreasing. The average NPP value of vegetation reached its peak in 2015. On the spatial scale, the NPP of vegetation in Qinling-Daba Mountain area was different in space. The overall trend of high in the middle and low on all sides, mountain area higher than plain is presented. The spatial distribution of soil organic carbon content is affected by the net primary productivity of vegetation and the mineralization intensity of soil. In the pattern of low southeast, the high value area is mainly concentrated in the middle part of the Qinling Mountains and parts of the Daba Mountain area. The net present value method is used to estimate the value of soil organic carbon in different scenarios of Qinling-Daba Mountain area in 2015 and 2017. Under different carbon prices and discount rates, the value of organic carbon varies greatly, and the higher the discount rate and carbon price, the higher the value. The value per unit area under different land use types was also obtained. The total value of the forest and grassland is higher, and the value of the unit area of the unused land is higher. Incorporating the discount rate and carbon price into the estimation of the value of soil organic carbon can be more realistic, and also provides a certain theoretical basis for the government to set a reasonable carbon price.

Based on the date of tourism resources investigation and national economy and social development in Qinba Mountain area, the spatial distribution of tourism resources and the level of tourism economy development are analyzed, and the coupling coordination model is constructed to measure the coupling coordination degree of tourism resources and tourist economy. The results show that the tourism resources are obviously concentrated in space, and the agglomeration area of “one belt and three districts” is formed along the water and mountain.There is a significant spatial correlation between tourism resources distribution and tourism economy development, with high and moderate coupling as the main types. Tourism resources and tourism economy development have not completely reached a benign resonance in space, and both lagging tourism resources and lagging tourism economy exist. The coupling degree and coordination degree are significantly different and showing a trend of gradual decrease from east to west.

Land use change is the main cause of changes in agro-ecosystem services. According to the land use data of Hanzhong Basin in 2005-2017, the land use transfer matrix is used to analyze the land use change in Hanzhong Basin. On this basis, the change of agricultural ecosystem service value in Hanzhong Basin was quantitatively analyzed, and the impact of land use change on the agricultural ecosystem service in this region was revealed. The results show that from 2005 to 2017, the overall land use of the Hanzhong Basin showed a trend of “three reductions and three increases”. In terms of reduced arable land, grassland and waters, construction land, orchards and woodland have increased. The conversion area was 40 737.24 hm2, accounting for 9.42% of the total area. The cultivated land is mainly converted to construction land, forest land and orchard by the influence of urbanization and agricultural structural adjustment. The construction land mainly comes from cultivated land and forest land, and the newly added area reaches 5 878.8 hm2. This shows that the land use type change in the Hanzhong Basin is greatly affected by urbanization and economic development.The value of agro-ecosystem services in the Hanzhong Basin from 2005 to 2017 increased by 462.269 billion yuan due to changes in land use and agricultural structure. The value of each service showed an increase, with the largest increase of 128.56%. It shows that the land use conversion in Hanzhong Basin is conducive to the development of agro-ecosystem, but it still needs to pay attention to the impact of arable land conversion on agro-ecosystem services.The value of agro-ecosystem services in all land types is increasing. Due to the impact of individual service functions, the rate of change in agro-ecosystem services of agricultural land is greater than the rate of change in agro-ecosystem services in forests. The increase in regulating services and cultural services indicates to some extent that the ecological environment in the Qinba Mountains is improving.

Geomorphic regionalization is the basis for the study of spatial differentiation of regional geomorphology, and it plays an important role in the geomorphological research work of Qinba Mountain area. The index of geographic linear density coefficient, which can account for the horizontal cutting degree of geomorphology, is one of the important standards in determining the geomorphic regionalization and drawing the geomorphological maps. Based on the grid digital elevation model and the extraction technology of geomorphic feature line, the feature line of landform types formed by the water erosion and denudation in Qinba Mountain area were extracted and analyzed, and the geomorphic cutting density coefficient of the middle-mountain, low-mountain and hilly areas were calculated in Qinba Mountain area, respectively. The reliability of geomorphic cutting density coefficient was also analyzed. The results showed that the geomorphic cutting density coefficients of the middle-mountain, low-mountain and hilly areas formed in Qinba Mountain area were 2.82, 3.53 and 3.83, respectively. Geomorphological cutting degree in water erosion and denudation areas was hilly area > low-mountain area > middle-mountain area.Moreover, there were differences in geomorphological cutting degree whether north or south sides of the Qinling Mountains. In particular, the difference of the middle-mountain area formed by water erosion and denudation was most significant in the north of Qinling Mountain.